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91 matches to Philip II
Crusades. 1095-1272. European Christian wars to regain Holy Land after Seljuk Turks take Jerusalem in 1072. Literature and the arts benefitted from Eastern cultural infusion. Peasants 1096. Annihilated. First. 1096-99. Genoa financed Godfrey of Bouillon to recapture Jerusalem. Only successful crusade. Second. 1147-49. Louis VII and Conrad III pillage Byzantium. Third. 1189-92. Richard I and Philip II Truce with Saladin allows access to Jerusalem. Fourth. 1202-4. French and Flemish nobles conquer, sack Constantinople, form Latin Empire. Childrens. 1212. Stephen of Cloyes led 30,000 unarmed French youths. Nicholas of Cologne led 20,000 German. All died or enslaved. Fifth. 1218-21. John of Brienne in Egypt. Sixth. 1228-29. Frederick II crowned king of Jerusalem. Seventh. 1248-54. St Louis of France captured by Egypt and ransomed. Eighth. 1270. St Louis dies of plague. Ninth. 1271-2. Prince Edward of England.
Escurial. 1557. Spanish monastery near Madrid built by Philip II to commemorate St-Quentin victory.
Mary I. Bloody Mary. 1516-58. Tudor queen of England 1553-. Married Philip II of Spain. Reinstated Roman Catholicism 1555. Persecuted Protestants. Lost Calais.
Pérez, Antonio. 1534-1611. Spanish intriguer vs Philip II.
Philip II. 382-336BC. General: unified Macedonia. Alexander’s father.
Philip II. 1165-1223. French Capetian king 1179-. 3rd Crusade. Conquered Flanders. Doubled France. Fought Richard the Lion Heart for Angevin Empire.
Philip II. 1527-98. Spanish king. Revolt, 1579. Married Mary I of England. Sent Armada against Elizabeth I, 1588. Counter-Reformation champion.
Philippics. Acrimonious orations of Demosthenes against Philip II of Macedonia.
Spanish Armada. 1588. English support Dutch Revolt. Philip II sends 129 ships against England. Howard, Drake, Hawkins, with 197 ships, chase the armada from English Channel, thanks to a NW gale. Spain declines as naval power. Wars of Religion.
St-Quentin, Battle. 1557. Philip II of Spain beseiges + seizes French town.
William I. The Silent. 1533-84. Prince of Orange. Dutch leader of Protestant revolt against Philip II of Spain. Founded dynasty to today. Netherlands.
Wyat’s Insurrection. 1554. Failed march on London vs Mary’s marriage to Philip II of Spain. Wyat (son of Thomas Wyat) beheaded.
Aguinaldo, Emilio. 1869-1964. Philippine rebel vs Spain 1896-8, US 1899-1901.
Augsburg Confession. 1530. Doctrine of faith of Lutheran Church. Consubstantiation. Predestination. Diet of Augsburg. Melanchthon.
Boeotian League. 550-335BC. Federal government formed by Thebes. Opposed Sparta in Corinthian War. Defeated by Philip of Macedonia, 338. Destroyed by Alexander the Great, 335.
Brutus, Marcus. 85-42BC. Conspired vs Caesar. Commited suicide after Philippi.
Chaeronea, Battle. 338BC. Philip of Macedon defeats Greek city-states.
Chandler, Raymond. 1888-1959. US novelist. Big Sleep 1939. Detective Philip Marlow.
Demosthenes. 384-322BC. Greek orator and politician. Opposed Philip of Macedon. Philippics. Led unsuccessful revolt. Suicide.
Denfert-Rochereau, Philippe. 1823-78. French Colonel in war of 1870.
Flamininus, Quinctus. c227-174BC. Roman General who def Philip V of Macedonia 197BC.
Golden Fleece, Order of. 1430. Knighthood founded by Philip the Good.
Grands-Augustins, Quai de. 1313. Oldest quay in Paris, by Philip the Fair.
Great Intercourse. 1495. Henry VIII, Philip of Burgundy trade treaty.
Hellenic League. 338~322BC. Philip of Macedonia. All Greek city-states except Sparta.